voted no, clarence thomas prevailed. he vowed to stay on the court for 43 more yes. in the years after thoma confirmation, mcconnell watched as democratic and republican presidents tried to tip the balance of the court. >> president clion today nominated ruth bader ginsburg... >> narrator: with republicans in the minority, bill clinton pled ruth bader ginsburg a stephen breyer on the bench. >> ...the president senthe congress t name of his nominee to fill the seat... >> narrator: george w. bush, with republican senate, put john roberts and samuel alitort on the cou >> barack obama is projected to be the next... >> narrator: with democrats ck in control, barack obama appointed sonia tomayor and elena kagan. >> still, many republicans are asking if she's the right person for the job... >> narrator: through it all, mcconnell had been climb power inside the senate. majority whip. republican leader. and finally, majority er. >> there's nobody who's more focused on political conquest than he is. there may not have been anybody

thomas: thank you very much. an ongoing investigation into the alleged mishandling of the covid-19 outbreak in france is being divided into four specific probes. the public prosecutor says they will examine the impact of the official response that it had on the public, on health care professionals, on civil servants, and on the sick. figures show that a further 22,180 new cases have been confirmed nationwide, and on tuesday, the nation teachers deserted their classrooms to parade through the streets to demand tougher safety measures. reporter: in paris, police charged barricades in front of a high school where a number of teachers and students walked out, angry and spite of health measures, including the reduction of class sizes by half. >> we were afraid for the health of our parents, brothers, sisters. we are not kidding. i'm here because i do not want to infect someone else. i don't want education to be interrupted. reporter: these posters reflect the anxiety. at this primary school, teachers say there are not

thomas: sure. it is organized around genres. the chronology is dump for different genres. essentially is a soldier monument. is a lull logy different from chronology for t the arches or representations of are cultural forms two antiquity and my oulke was to say hoe americans changed to that. i would say runs through all of these is the xtent the united states was engaged in a culture publish monuments before civil war effort was to try to democrat taouz what was an up tradition. that is true monuments to ashington and jackson in the antebellum period. aftermath of the civil war war sees a large including the at common soldier monument that that is a us before and it is in ory y argument at least in the early post--biological alumni and a democratic story stories of sites and resistance effort.hole war we are talking primarily about union monday wants. of remembering private loss rather than public you a khaoefplt. touching with that sunmental the underat emphasize mate cost of war more than the pol

i'm thomas waterhouse. the french president leads commemorations with emmanuel macron presiding over the reentering of the remains of world war i writer. several people are injured in a bomb attack at another memorial in jeddah. stepping down in protest and standing by their colleagues, hong kong's pro-democracy lawmakers quit en masse after four colleagues were disqualified by the city's probation authorities. and the pathway towards parliamentary and presidential elections in libya looks clearer with the u.n.'s and voicing political talks in tunis have resulted in a breakthrough. thomas: first, it is a hollowed space in paris that is already resting place for several prominent french heroes. this wednesday, on the anniversary of the end of the great war, the remains of wartime writer maurice genevoix have been interred on the capitals left bank. incident emmanuel macron presided over the special ceremony after laying flowers at the top of the champs elysees avenue at the tomb of the unknown soldier. franc

. >> thomas: [ softly ] thanks. ♪

james asks, where do you break thomas jefferson amongst u.s. -- where do you rank thomas jefferson amongst u.s. presidents? was the louisiana purchase consequential enough to put him perhaps in the top 10? james: that is a good question. i think many people tend to put him in a top four or five because they know him and he is a hero and a big figure. in terms of presidential accomplishment, as far as historic events, he is probably not in the top five, arguably maybe not in the top 10. the louisiana purchase is an enormous achievement, doubled the size of the country. removed the threat of a napoleonic invasion. napoleon could easily have shipped his troops into new orleans and move them across the mississippi river. that was a tremendous achievement, and there were others. the second term of his presidency was not particularly successful. in terms of memorable events, it's not all that significant. what is memorable and what is significant, again, going back to what i said in the last slide, is the way that jefferson reversed his tendency towards oligarchy, suppression of speech, limiting

there have been numerous books about thomas jefferson and about his presidency. focus of thisque book on the white house as the 's twog for jefferson terms in office. can you tell us why you decided to focus on the white house in your book about thomas jefferson and his presidency? james: sure. my book about lincoln's white house i guess inspired me to move backwards to jefferson's white house. i found in the lincoln book, it gave me an opportunity to take a perspective on lincoln as as manager ofoss, the white house, the way he used it politically, socially and otherwise. i found that very interesting and different from what had been written before. the same thing should work with jefferson and i hope it has. the second thing i guess is i fored in washington myself thet or nine years in 1980's on capitol hill and elsewhere. it used to strike me that must've been an entirely different place when it was a wilderness capital. i've always found that interesting and worth looking at more carefully. those are the basic reasons why i focused on the white house. colleen

the second question, this is one where i'd like to ask bart and then thomas to answer. we wonder whether technology companies, social media companies like google and facebook should be more responsible, be more liable for the truth or falsity of what they put on their site. there's an argument that facebook should be like "the washington post," if bart or i write an article and somebody says that's not true, our paper could get sued. we published it. and should that apply to a company like facebook? >> that's interesting, there are two issues probably among many others that come to mind for me. one is that these internet companies have vigorously resisted that role for legal and regulatory reasons, if they're a public utility. if they are essentially a neutral conveyer of information, the same as a phone company, you don't hold the phone company liable for the fact that people make telephone calls or say untrue things or do -- or make damaging forms of speech. so, that's the place they want to be for legal and regulatory reasons. if ask them to be, as facebook says it d

thomas jefferson was vice president, his opponent is the president.

he actually had to fight a battle against his opponent who was thomas jefferson. now, these two had been friends. obviously they wrote the declaration of independence together, but now opposite sides of the fence, they don't even want to talk to each other. so the election is very ugly, it's very nasty, it's very close, it's sort of for us today a normal presidential election. john adams wins by three electoral votes, so only slightly more than half. we've never had a president who got only half the votes. we've never had a president who ha to real had to really fight for an election, and another problem in those early days is if you come in second, you are vice president, which means one president is one party, the vice president is the other party. just pick any modern election you like, put the two opponents together for four years as the executive, and you can see how neither of them would be particularly happy. so john adams and thomas jefferson are not particularly happy to be standing up in the room together. this is a full house, the balcony, the seats, yo

>> thomas: really. now you are the best kid a dad could ever ask for. ♪

thomas: that's right. i think just a strong relationship between the united states and the u.k., and the eu more broadly, would help to reinforce some of that intelligence sharing, that sense of common purpose when it comes to initiatives abroad, so you do hope that after four years of such destabilizing dynamics under the trump administration, biden is promising to bring us back to something approximating issues across on the board. i think you would see more stability and he would be able to get more of a sense at the outset of what day-to-day things are going to look like under a biden administration. alix: i don't think i even know what normal looks like or means anymore. if we look at the conflict between airbus and boeing, for example, the tariffs on chinese goods, do you think the biden administration would roll them back or do we just go further down this whole -- down this hole? there is a distinction for markets. thomas: i don't actually know. biden has not offered to many specifics about how he

the man brian can't do without that's why thomas is our man of the match day. are you watching yogi load. the rain was pelting down in 5 it was raining goals too and had barely had time to get going before lucas opened the scoring for 5 borg in the 1st minute. then drew for. but off to the rest checked in with the red car was withdrawn. the free kick. that acted as a turning point for. equal. in the 21 lead going into half time. after the break. septa the gift scoring an absolute peach of a. substitute. get one back to make things interesting. imperious. victory convincing stuff from the very. frank rich and inspiring 1st half came to life when died she canada the eagles ahead or so. our old friend v.a.r. chalked it off to an offside in the build up a relief for bremen keeper you lanka who got hit in the face for his troubles. in the 2nd half visitors braitman took the lead when josh sargent straight down the left exactly what the young american needed to boost his confidence in front of goal. but andre silva finally got frankfurt on the scoresheet equalizing f

and then he'll be succeeded by thomas jefferson. they would actually be here a good bit of the time probably a lot more than the vice president would be there today. today the vice president could sit in the senate any day they want. they made it clear to john adams they didn't want him talking. so he could sit there and run the meetings. which would leave him very disapointed. he's not the first or the last vice president to voice his disappointment. if there's a tie vote, the vice president is the tiebreaker. any big day, the vice president will be there. over than that, the vice president, you know, john adams would run a bunch of meetings where a bunch of guys that didn't let him talk. and for thomas jefferson, when he's vice president, his opponent is the president, so he doesn't necessarily agree with a lot of the policys that he has to be part of the executive over. it was a very different situation which leads to creating the system where we're going elect president and vice president a little bit more carefully because rath

thomas gift director of university college london center on u.s. politics and joining us in istanbul matthew bryza a nonresident senior fellow at the atlantic council's eurasia center and global energy center welcome to each of you thomas let me start with you it's being reported that joe biden is planning on quickly signing a series of executive orders once he's sworn in as the next president and that these orders would see america rejoin the paris climate accords reversed president trump's withdrawal from the world health organization in the muslim ban reinstate daca i'm curious to know from your perspective how much is joe biden going to have to rely on executive orders to try to implement his agenda and is that something that he wants to do. well i think that the executive orders will be the primary mechanism by which biden will be forced to govern and that simply because it's looking increasingly like he will face divided government with republicans more likely than not maintaining the senate you know any time you have a divided government the

now by our political correspondent thomas sparrow and thomas if you could just address some of the details of what the chancellor was saying she talked about a hospital system for example that was facing being overwhelmed potentially if things continue on this trajectory and we have to say just generally speaking i mean she tends to be quite measured at these press conferences you really heard a sense of urgency a sense of concern didn't you from the chancellor. there was certainly a sense of urgency and this explains why i'm going to call the german chancellor actually addressed the federal press center where we're actually broadcasting from now to explain the government's policy when it comes to this partial lockdown i'll just give you a bit of context because it is highly unusual for the german chancellor to do this to give these press conference it was something that was unscheduled it was something that was only announced on very short notice today i'm going to merkel normally comes to the federal press center once a year in the summer for her yearly press conference but the fact that

thomas jefferson was vice president, his opponent is the president. he doesn't necessarily agree with a lot of the policies he has to be part of the executive over. it was a difficult situation, which is what leads to creating the system or we are going to elect president and vice president a little more carefully. rather than the electoral men, wevoting for two would create a system where there is a candidate for president and a candidate for vice president. that is the 12th amendment. thereal impetus that is not adams alexion in 1796 but the jefferson election in 1800. that is when they are packing up and moving to washington, d.c. there is no one election day in those days. they will start meeting in the new capital in december of 1800. in the midst of this, we are electing adams versus jefferson. they say we will both run two guys but you cannot specify which is which. when jefferson wins the election, technically he ties , his own vice president of candidate, aaron burr. burr and jefferson being tied means by the constitution, the election goes t

thanks so much for filling us in there that was our political correspondent thomas spector. and here are a few other developments in the pandemic the one month lockdown for england announced on saturday could be extended that's according to a senior aide to british prime minister boris johnson the u.k. has the highest official code 19 death toll in europe the head of the world health organization is self isolating after being in contact with a coded 900 positive person to address you so said he was feeling well and did not have any symptoms and slovakia tested 2500000 of its citizens over the weekend in an effort to slow the spread of the virus the testing was voluntary but everyone who would not participate will have to go into corteen it's. now let's take a look at some of the other stories making headlines around the world today more anti french protests have been taking place across the muslim world in pakistan demonstrators burn an effigy of president of manuel mccall the the protests came after mccone defended the right to free expression in the wake of suspected islam

the man brian can't do without that's why thomas is our man of the much. are you watching. thank you. the rain was pelting down in 5 and it was raining goals to. have barely had time to get going before. the scoring for 5 in the 1st minute. then drew. but after the. the red card was withdrawn. the free kick. that acted as a turning point for. equalized. in the 21 lead going into half time. after the break. to the gift scoring an absolute peach of a. substitute. get one back to make things interesting. then. imperious. to victory convincing stuff from the. frankfurt and inspiring 1st half came to life when he died she counted the eagles ahead or so. our old friend v.a.r. chalked it off to an offside in the build up a relief for braman keeper eugene lanka who got hit in the face for his troubles. in the 2nd half visitors braman took the lead when josh sargent straight down the left exactly with the young american needed to boost his confidence in front of goal. but andre silva finally got frankfurt on the scoresheet equalizing from columbus cross to make up for their disappoi

the second questions i'd like to ask bart and thomas to answer. we wonder whether technology companies should be more responsible for the truth or the falsity of what they put on their site. an argument that facebook should be like the "washington post". barter i write an article and they say that's not true our paper can get sued. they published it, should that case apply as well to a social media company like facebook whose going to have to be liable for what itost? bart what you think? >> that's a rlly interesting question. there are two issues among probably many others that come to mind for me. one is, these internet companies have vigorously resisted that role or legal and regulatory reasons. they are a public utility, they are essentially a neutral conveyor same with the phone company. you don't hold the phone company liable for the fact that people make telephone calls or say untrue things or make damaging forms of speech. that is the place they want to be. for legal and regulatory reason reasons. if you ask them to be, as facebook says, i

thanks so much for filling us in there that was our political correspondent thomas specter. let's catch up on a few other developments in the pandemic the one month lockdown for england announced on saturday could be extended that's according to a senior aide to prime minister boris johnson the u.k. has the highest official covert 19 death toll in europe. the head of the world health organization is self isolating after being in contact with a coded 1000 positive person. uses said he was feeling well and did not have any symptoms and slovakia tested 2500000 of its citizens over the weekend in an effort to slow the spread of the virus the testing was voluntary but everyone who would not participate will have to go and according to the. u.s. president and his democratic rival joe biden are making their final pitches to voters ahead of tuesday's election trump is holding campaign rallies in pot battleground states meanwhile joe biden is focusing on the key state of pennsylvania most major polling shows biden ahead in the critical battleground states needed to win but trump beli

thomas: it is an exciting development. the more people, i see in the next 10 years hundreds of people going into space outside professional astronauts, i see that as generating a larger, broader base of support for nasa's exploration efforts. there always be professional explores employed by nasa, but if you can have a private experience in space -- first for the wealthy but then competition will bring that cost down. in a generation, it will be much like a trip to antarctica today, where you can take an adventure for a couple of weeks. that is really important to engage a broader base of the public in a personal experience of space exploration. emily: i'm curious about the geopolitical forces at play here. are we competing against china and russia the same way we were in cold war times when we landed on the moon? especially as we have a changeover in the u.s. administration? thomas: i would say we are not under the gun like we were during the cold war days where john f. kennedy had committed the u.s. to get a human on the

please welcome, thomas middleditch! hello, thomas middleditch, how are you? >> ooh, just dandy. i have a full three dimensional audio set up. >> stephen: with you wearing the head set, i feel i'm a non- character player in a video game. >> what about what you see before you is offbrand? >> stephen: and a spiral staircase, the least efficient form of stairs case possible. >> well, not if you want to conserve horizontal space. >> stephen: that's all we have time for. >> okay. >> stephen: so good to see you, thomas. as always. now, you supported biden, right? >> allegedly, yeah. >> stephen: but you're a canadian, so you can't vote. >> yeah. >> stephen: so that must have been tough. how did you hear the good news? >> oh, i was asleep and woke up to the banging of pots and hooting and hollering in my neighborhood, yeah. >> stephen: that happens to a lot of people who live in cities. >> liberal states. >> stephen: rrrrrr! who's going to pay for those pots and pans? making all that racquet! >> you and those skateboarders! >> stephen: did you grab your own pot and pan and bang on things

thomas costerg joins us. he has been very cautious on the economy but you have to dovetail that into market performance. you have had a very articulate view on aggregate demand. what does that mean for the stock market? thomas: two things about the stock market. one is the economy and the second one is monetary policy. i must say we are in a world where monetary policy -- rates will stay low for a while and we may see more asset purchases, bonds, not equities, but still more liquidity going into the market. that is helping valuations. that is a fact. tom: as we mentioned 20 minutes ago, 10 minutes ago, the reality of a sustained at zero bound or a sustained negative interest rate. away from the fancy guys like you, what does it mean for the people of europe to see the product negative interest rates? thomas: the mood has shifted a bit on negative rates. i will note europe did not move further down into negatives after the coronavirus crisis. ,hey did more asset purchases more long-term loans to banks, but neg

thomas: yeah, you are. stephen: as the officer tells him he's being detained because he's on probation. the video also shows destefano pushing arevalo against a fence. as arevalo holds on to that fence, destefano slams him to the ground in what the officer's report later calls a left arm bar take down. the video shows arevalo going limp as his head hits the concrete. he was taken to the emergency room, where doctors diagnosed him with a fractured orbital bone. julio: in the video, there's just the bag of donuts flying when he just grabs me. stephen: in his report, agent destefano said he thought he saw a drug exchange, although the surveillance video doesn't appear to show any drug deal at all, and no drugs were ever found. police forwarded the case to the da's office for review for possible charges of resisting arrest, battery on a peace officer, and being under the influence. but nearly a year later, arevalo hasn't been charged with anything. thomas: come on out or we're going to kick the door in. male: h

thomas jefferson had wealth, status and tradition of public service. he studied law and he himself became a successful and well-known lawyer in virginia. he was imposing an appearance standing over six feet tall and that was unusual for that day, and with red hair. for a public figure, he was shy and avoided public appearances whenever possible. he was elected to the state legislator, which was in the house of burgess he is in 1769. by which time he owned more than 2500 acres of land and a substantial number of slaves. 1772 he married a young widow, martha skelton, through whom he doubled his property and increased his number of slaves. he was cast into a deep depression by the death of his wife in 1782. he never remarried. he became known as a supporter of independence from britain and the co-author of the declaration of independence, along with benjamin franklin and john adams. he served in congress in the mid-1780's. in 1785, he replaced franklin as minister to france and spent five years in europe. it was significant because during that time he bec

chief justice roberts: thank you, counsel, justice thomas? justice thomas: thank you, mr. chief justice. counsel, do you think you can reconcile montgomery and miller? ms. nobile: i think that we have tried in good faith to reconcile both of them. it's time not to quarrel with either decision. they announced the substantive rule three years prior and the way to do that is the substantive right at issuing miller is the protection against grossly disproportionate punishment. the question becomes, what is the process miller prescribes for reducing the risk of a grossly disproportionate and it's not by words or a transcript, it's by individualized sentencing. what miller adds to gross disproportionality is the consideration of youth. if you read page 734 montgomery which the petitioner cites often to describe grossly just proportion of punishment come i think that can be reconciled. i think you can see this because the court vacillates between various adjectives, crime reflex reflects incorrigibility permanent, irreparable corruption, transient immaturity which shows that the

thomas jefferson. let me begin with a disclaimer, whenever i have spoken on jefferson, i'm reminded of a prominent historian i once heard who said that he never fully trusted anyone's views on jefferson who had attended the university of virginia. i have to plead guilty on that score, having spent four years in graduate school at mr. jefferson's academic village. certainly jefferson himself was quite proud of that institution. specifically directing the words " beher of the university -- of only three a, schmitz be one of only three accomplishments that should constitute his epitaph. the other being the father of the declaration of independence and religious freedoms. the university has historically been very proud of its founder. treating his memory with such reverence that president howard taft once said after delivering a lecture there that people still talk about mr. jefferson as though he was in the next room and he might overhear them. i trust that my association does not render me incompetent to

there was a study called thomas jefferson, and even more by the 1997 book "thomas jefferson and sally hemmings in american controversy." and myself today, i commend both of these books to you if you wish to pursue this subject. a significant step in the controversy occurred a few years ago with dna tests, which i have interpreted them correctly, they do not prove that jefferson fathered sally's children, but they do give significant support to that possibility. for one thing, they do rule out the paternity of jefferson's nephews, the carr brothers who have been regarded as the prime suspects other than jefferson himself. as the matter now stands, historians believed and is interpreted in that fashion by the historians who conceived its validity. now having looked at jefferson's thought on the matter of slavery as well as his public and private actions, let's turn finally to an overall evaluation of the man both as viewed by historians as well as very importantly, i suggest, within the context of his own times. well, it is certainly true that assessments of jefferson have been highly d

thomas -- chief justice roberts: justice thomas. justice thomas: thank you. this seems to involve both contractual relationships with the city as well as, as the chief said, regulatory or licensing. in that instance, when you have both aspects of that, do we analyze it as a government contract, again referring to the chief's point, or as a licensure program, where the city has basically taken over an area and now it has certain requirements of the regulated industry? as your honormas, acknowledged at the end, the city is trying to regulate an area that has historically been an area of religious practice. that sets this case apart from many of city is siding. are usingect, they regulatory authority, sovereign authority, licensing authority to decide who gets to participate. those are cases where this court's precedents have said you do normal analysis. there is not some special rule. the old and new contracts say we are not an employee of the agency or city. the same should apply as in espinoza and trinity lutheran. this is different from bowen, where you are

he will stand on that platform with thomas jefferson. also at the front of the room, outgoing president george washington. now this is a big deal. changing presidents for us today is a fairly normal thing. we have big parades and parties and it's a big thing but this was a really important day because this is where we are proving that the system where we, the voters, elect our leaders and we change them when we vote. we are proven that this system works because the john adams election is a lot of first. the first time we are not going to have george washington as our president. george washington is the only man to be unanimously elected president, which he was twice. he did not particularly run for office. at the end of his first term he did not even want a second term. he was kind of talked into it. essentially kind of almost guys on both sides talk to him in another four years. he does not run. he is unanimously reelected. at the end of the second term, he will try to talk to him into a third but he is not having it. he just wants to r

. >> thomas will try to persuade the senate that he has... >> narrator: 1991. joe biden, now the powerful chairman of the senate judiciary committee, was facing his biggest crisis yet: allegations against supreme court nominee clarence thomas. this affidavit charged thatha thomas sexuallssed a former employee, anita hill. >> good evening, we begin tonight with the potential for political explosion on capitol hill. >> clarence thomas ran into trouble today... >> questions are growing over charges of sexual harassment against thomas... >> it seems to have been a nightmare for joe biden. as a man, he felt uncomfortable about it. as a white man, he felt uncomfortable taking clarence thomas, a black man, on about it. um, and the whole subject matter just made him incredibly uncomfortable. >> another witness has come forward against thomas... >> news of a second woman who once worked for thomas... >> narrator: biden was at first reluctant have hill testify, but the story was exploding. er >> thereactually three other women, other than myself, who were willing to test

the man brian can't do without that's why thomas is our man of the much. are you watching yogi load. the rain was pelting down in 5 and it was raining goals to live in and had barely had time to get going before open the scoring for 5 in the 1st minute. then drew. but after the rest checked in with the red card was withdrawn. the free kick. that acted as a turning point for the strikers equal. to one lead going into half time. after the break. to the gift scoring an absolute peach of a. substitute. get one back to make things interesting. to victory convincing stuff from the. frankfurt and inspiring 1st half came to life when he died she canada but he goes ahead or so. our old friend v.a.r. chalked it off to an offside in the build up a relief for bremen keeper lanka who got hit in the face for his troubles. in the 2nd half visitors braman took the lead when josh sargent straight down the left exactly what the young american needed to boost his confidence in front of goal. but andre silva finally got frankfurt on the scoresheet equalizing from columbus cro

] >> thomas: food's on the way. >> hope: oh, great. i told douglas not to get too into his video game, that when it's time for dinner, he has to come straight to the table. >> thomas: yeah. one more minute is never just one minute. >> hope: nope. >> thomas: no. um, thanks for staying for dinner. you know, us being able to do this, it feels like-- it feels like we're moving forward. >> hope: douglas is really excited about it. >> thomas: yeah. do you nd

. ♪ >> thomas: it's my latest and greatest. and you love it, i can tell. >> hope: someone's fishing for compliments. >> thomas: you know us creative types like having our egos stroked. >> hope: [ sighs ] it's good. >> thomas: is it very good or... >> hope: it's exceptionally good. and you don't need me to tell you that. you're ridge forrester's son and eric forrester's grandson, two of the greatest living designers in the world.k ituns . >> thomas: and zende is the lead designer of your line. why is that? why am i not the lead designer of your line? uh, you know, it doesn't matter. well, i guess it does, but i'm a really good sport, so... [ phone chimes ] [ beep ] >> hope: hey, liam. you're on speaker. what's up? >> liam: hey. uh, just want to let you know

justice thomas. thank you. -- justice thomas: thank you. >> >> what do you think about just excluding those that are in centers are under final order to remove? ho: those in detention is quite heterogeneously -- heterogeneous. many would qualify. you can be a lawful permanent e.sident and be in i.c. detention and even someone detained at the border, that person can apply for asylum. justice breyer: what if we say we are going to exclude or not, people under legal order to remove? final: people under removal can stay in the country for quite some time. they can see other forms of relief and challenge the orders. some are never actually deported, even after going through those processes because the home country. justice breyer: what line would you draw between those they can count and those they can't. ho: usual residence in the plane meeting turns on whether or not someone commonly resides in the united states. it doesn't turn on their lawful immigration status. that term usual residence was defined a

stand on the platform with thomas jefferson. also at the front of the room, outgoing president, george washington. this is a big deal. changing president today is a fairly normal thing. we have parties. it's a big thing. but this was a really important day because this is where we are proving that the system, where we the voters elect our leaders, and we change them when we vote. we are proving that that system works. because that john adams election is a lot of. first the first time we're not going to have church washington as our president. george washington is the only man to be unanimously elected president which he was twice. you didn't particularly run for office, at the end of his first term he did want to second term. he was talked into it. he had guys on both sides to come into another four years. he doesn't really run. he's unanimously reelected. at the end of the second term people try to talk him into a third but he's not having. it he wants to retire at this point of time. it someone else is turn. so he will step as

thanks so much for filling us in there that was our political correspondent thomas spector. germany of course is not the only country implementing new restrictions as europe faces a new wave of infections france is currently reporting the continent's highest daily case numbers in response it has imposed the strictest national law down with all non-essential businesses closed and severe restrictions on movement people will only be allowed to leave the house for central work or medical reasons well a partial lockdown has come into effect in belgium non-essential shops are closed there's a nationwide curfew between 10 pm and 6 am bars and restaurants have been shut and people have to wear masks anywhere they go outside their home. in the u.k. the country with the highest death toll in europe and one of the highest new daily case rates the government has announced a new national law to take effect starting all thursday non-essential shops must close bars and restaurants can only offer takeout schools universities and construction sites though will stay open. well let's try to ta

thomas, these polling results the same across party lines. no, they are not the same across party lines. there is a big debate not only among germans on the streets in society, but there's also all this to be a very debate about a very big debate about these measures in the german parliament. and if you ask for example, supporters of different parties, they view these measures differently. for example, the liberals, the f d p. think these measures go to father far right. a.f.d. also think the measures go to father different reasons that explain this. for example, those who believe that these measures affect businesses disproportionately or those who think that they restrict personal freedoms too much. so again, there is a very big debate in germany about these measures. and also about the future cost of germany must now carry on a bus. now plan. in fact, on monday, for example, german leaders will be meeting once again to assess whether these initial measures are being effective or whether further measures are actually needed. on political co