This study looks at gender differences in loss and promotion across services and over time using individual data from the Defense Manpower Data Center for two cohorts of enlisted military personnel that began their service in 2005 and in 2010. The primary research questions are as follows: Are there differences by gender in loss and promotion, and are the differences heterogeneous by service? Second, using the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) as a proxy for ability, are there...
Topics: gender differences, female, promotion, AFQT
Naval Postgraduate School
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23
Feb 1, 2021
02/21
by
Davis, Barbara J.; Guiterrez, A. Renee
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This thesis replicated a 1983 study by Navy Personnel Research and Development Center reviewing the possible differences in the narrative portions of Naval Fitness Reports. The sample used in this study consisted of FitReps of Naval Postgraduate School students and those written by senior officers with both men and women in their commands. NPRDC discovered significant differences in the average number of descriptors used in FitReps written about women as opposed to those written about men....
Topics: Gender Differences, Navy Women, Performance Evaluation
Several researches have focused on association between personalities and eating disorders, however, only few studies have analyzed the gender role. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to describe the correlation for no clinical adolescent males and females in the association between eating behaviour and personality. 324 male and 267 female (age: 17.16±1.03) filled the Italian version of the EPQR, IVE and EDI‐II. These findings confirm the role that gender can have in relation...
Topics: Personality, Eating Behaviour, Adolescence, Gender Differences
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14
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Background : The majority of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) studies have evaluated the use of light or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate bupropion sustained-released (SR), a non-SSRI antidepressant, for the treatment of SAD.
Topics: SAD, Winter depression, Bupropion, Gender differences
Achievement is used as one of the important indices upon which most decisions about the learner is based and it is a complex and multivariate issue with a plethora of evidence associated with determinants of student achievement disparities. The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of gender differences on achievement disparities in Chemistry at the Advanced Level GCE examination in the English Speaking sub system of education in Cameroon. This study adopts a qualitative case...
Topics: Gender differences, Achievement, Advanced level Chemistry GCE
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7.0
Apr 28, 2022
04/22
by
Birender Kaur
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The purpose of the research paper is to explore the alienation level among adults pursuing higher education and to find out gender differences, if any, in feeling of alienation. The sample consists of 52 participants pursuing higher education with age ranging from 23 to 32 years. Alienation scale by Hardeo Ohja (2010) was administered on all participants. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Analysis of the data revealed that though at moderate level, but there exists a feeling of...
Topics: adults, alienation, gender differences, age wise differences
6
6.0
May 2, 2022
05/22
by
Dr. Nitul Gogoi
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Academic achievement is a key mechanism through which students learn about their talents, abilities and competencies which are important parts of developing career aspirations. The present study explored the differences of gender on academic achievement of secondary school students in Assam. The sample of the study consisted of 250 students (150 male and 100 female). The main finding of the study was that gender significantly differs on academic achievement of secondary school students.
Topics: Gender Differences, Academic achievement, Secondary School, Location
Issue no.2 of journal about psychology for students; 3 articles; September 2004
Topics: psychology, John Bowlby, attachment, epxerimenter effects, research methods, gender differences
The purpose of this study was to consider the relationships of prediction, measurement, and scaling invariance when these invariances were simultaneously evaluated in psychometric test data. An approach was developed to evaluate prediction, measurement, and scaling invariance based on linear and nonlinear prediction, measurement, and scaling functions. The approach was used to evaluate the relationships among 12 pairs of tests in 6 datasets for gender invariance. The prediction, measurement,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Prediction, Measurement, Scaling, Tests, Correlation, Gender Differences, Moses, Tim
Recently I read the book Ghosts in the Machine: Women?s Voices in Research with Technology, and I was drawn into thinking about the well-known gender gap in the use of technology. I hadn?t looked at gender in technology use very closely in several years because in my own research, I had observed that girls like to use the new multimedia tools just as well as boys. However, I was reminded by Ghosts that technology is still a highly gendered field, and I began to think again about how we could...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Females, Sex Fairness, Educational Technology, Gender Differences, McGrath, Diane
The disparity in the college enrollment and graduation of women and men is persistent and troubling but not unique to Connecticut. Across the country, women college students outnumber men by almost 2.6 million and they earn 1.4 times more degrees. A snapshot of gender across colleges in Connecticut reveals the following findings: (1) Men first became a minority of college students in the late 1970s; (2) The gap cannot be explained by demographics; (3) Men disappear at every point along the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Students, Enrollment Trends, Gender Differences, Educational Attainment,...
The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) asks persons aged 12 or older about their use of marijuana or hashish in the past year, including their frequency of use. This report focuses on how and where past year marijuana users aged 18 to 25 obtained their most recently used marijuana. Findings include estimates from the combined 2002, 2003, and 2004 NSDUH data. In 2002 to 2004, a majority (58.3 percent) of past year marijuana users aged 18 to 25 obtained their most recently used...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Drug Abuse, Young Adults, Marijuana, National Surveys, Adolescents, Gender Differences
This article examines historical imagery of the teacher in relation to a story drawn from ancient Greece: that relating to the teacher of the mythic hero Achilles in The Iliad. The article explores the possibility that this early image of a teacher--the aging warrior Phoenix--could be a source for later representations of the teaching function. In an effort to place this historical image into a larger context of cultural symbolism relating to pedagogy, the article asks, why is this...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Mythology, Feminism, Gender Differences, Sex Role, Peers, Chris
To define peoples wants, need, and thoughts over gender differences, many factors would affect. To make any decision, they are differentiated by their needs in society. In this era, every decision making affected by much information. The social network is one of the important and certain information tools. This study aims to how gender affects social networks when they face making decisions, especially travel decisions. Munkhjin Ganzorig | Onon Bayarsaikhan "Effect of Travel-Related...
Topics: travel-related behavior, customer behavior, gender differences, family traveling, social network...
The professional self-images of principals are integrally related to how they perceive and exercise leadership in specific school settings. This study of a balanced sample of male and female leaders from a cross-section of Victorian schools in the late 1990s reveals that there are key variations related to sectorial identity, level and scale of school, institutional histories and even student gender. It supports the development of nuanced theories about leadership and gender that combat...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Leadership, Principals, Gender Differences, Foreign Countries, Questionnaires,...
Supported by CDC Cooperative Agreement Number U58/DP001515
Topics: ACCULTURATION, ETHNICITY, GENDER DIFFERENCES, HISPANICS, MINORITY GROUPS, MORTALITY, SMOKING...
Does one sex explore more than the other? Is one sex more curious than the other? That's a tough question to answer definitively. We know that we explore in varying degrees. Whether sociological or biological, good or bad, this investigation attempts to determine if there are substantive differences in acting upon inquisitiveness between genders. It is suspected that men will act upon curiosity more freely than women. Men and women were measured on levels of curiosity when confronted with an...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Personality Traits, Gender Differences, College Students, Inquiry, Naturalistic...
Students were trained to perceive filled pauses (FP) as a bad speech habit. In a series of classroom sensitivity training activities, followed by students being rewarded to observe twenty minutes of live television from the public media, no differences between male and female Business Communication students was revealed. The practice of teaching students to regard FP as a "bad" speech habit was supported by the literature. Male and female students learned to recognize FP they heard...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Sensitivity Training, Gender Differences, Business Communication, Speech Habits,...
Mendeley Climate Change Library
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39
Jul 6, 2019
07/19
by
Tiago F. Grilo; Ana R. Lopes; Eduardo Sampaio; Rui Rosa; Patrícia G. Cardoso
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Given scarcity of knowledge on gender ecophysiological responses of tropical marine organisms to global climate change, the major aim of this research was to investigate potential sex differences in oxidative status of topshell Trochus histrio, after a combined exposure to increased temperature and pCO2. Lipid peroxidation, heat-shock response and antioxidant enzymatic activities were evaluated. Lipid peroxidation varied differently between sexes, with males undergoing cellular damage under...
Topics: Antioxidant enzymes, Gender differences, Heat shock response, Lipid peroxidation, Ocean warming and...
This study examined how teacher educators perceive the attitude towards use of computer technology in Teachers' Training Colleges in Bangladesh. This study investigated teacher educators' computer attitudes by using the valid and reliable instruments of Loyd and Gressard's (1984) Computer Attitude Scale (CAS). The data was collected through questionnaires from 75 teacher educators of teachers' training college in the Rajshahi division in Bangladesh and eventually received 46 responses. The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teacher Educators, Teacher Attitudes, Computer Attitudes, Gender Differences, Foreign...
Parent-child relationships may be strengthened when parents and children play video games together. Literature is limited in addressing the impact of co-playing video games on parent-child relationships. Family systems theory, in particular, parental mediation through co-play, may provide insights into parent-child relationships. Parents who co-play in order to mediate video game content or child behaviors are selecting one of the less restrictive forms of mediation. Co-playing is likely to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Parent Child Relationship, Video Games, Gender Differences, Parenting Styles,...
This study examined how intellectual openness affected the extent to which students engaged in the processes of critical thinking in computer-supported collaborative argumentation (CSCA). This study found: a) indications of differences in the number of personal rebuttals posted in reply to direct challenges between more versus less open students (ES = +0.33); b) significant differences in number of personal rebuttals posted between the less versus more open students among the males (ES =...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Persuasive Discourse, Critical Thinking, Gender Differences, Distance Education,...
This report examines the differences in self-reported academic performance (i.e., average grades in the last semester or grading period) among students aged 12 to 17 by gender, age, and substance use. All findings are annual averages based on combined 2002, 2003, and 2004 NSDUH data. Researchers found that the frequency of the use of alcohol and marijuana during the past month was related to academic performance. Of students reporting an A or B average: (1) 72.2% were students who did not use...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Marijuana, Drinking, Academic Achievement, Drug Use, Adolescents, Measurement...
Topics: AFRICAN AMERICANS, CHILD HEALTH, CONSUMER INFORMATION, DIET, EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS, FOOD, FRUITS,...
NIH Publication No. 07-6087
Topics: AFRICAN AMERICANS, CHRONIC DISEASE, CONSUMER INFORMATION, DIET, EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS, FOOD,...
The requirement of television for educational purposes arises when specific educational objectives are not achieved through traditional way of teaching. There are a number of things television can do better than the average teacher and traditional educational institutions, but situations where both teacher and educational institutions are not available, television is the answer to obtain educational objectives, Lochte, (1993). This research paper investigates relationship between TV broadcast...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Open Universities, Academic Achievement, Gender Differences, Distance Education,...
In this article we offer a research-based response to and critique of approaches suggested to address boys' literacy and pedagogical reform. Our aim is to open up a dialogue by examining the conceptual limits imposed by casting boys as particular sorts of literate subjects. We argue against officially sanctioned literacy practices that fail to engage with research-based literature that raises serious questions about gender reform initiatives. We suggest caution and further informed dialogue in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Males, Educational Change, Emergent Literacy, Masculinity, Gender Issues, Gender...
This paper (Note 1) examines the form sort of in British men and women's speech, and investigates whether there is a gender difference in the use of this form. We do so through corpus analysis of the British National Corpus (BNC). We contend there is no quantitative difference in the use of sort of in men and women's speech. Contrary to general belief, we claim women do not use hedges more than men. However, there is a functional difference. Men and women use the item sort of for slightly...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Language Usage, Computational Linguistics, Gender Differences, Language Patterns,...
A study published in the "Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering" found that girls are completing high school science and math courses at the same rate as boys: 94 percent of girls took biology (compared with 91 percent of boys), 64 percent took chemistry (57 percent for boys) and 26 percent studied physics (32 percent of boys). Yet despite similar rates of participation and achievement in high school science and math courses, young women continue to lag behind...
Topics: ERIC Archive, High Schools, Females, Engineering, Males, Gender Differences, Technical Occupations,...
Through arts-informed research (Cole & Knowles, 2007) I explore visual identity and scholarship. I conversed with and photographed Lisette, Edward, Kris, Todd, William and Theresa, asking "How are your clothing choices determined by your work as a scholar?" The photographs and transcripts inspired drawings, paintings and poetry. The study confirms that clothes are negotiated expressions of self and visual identity with the body as mediator (Braziel & LeBesco, 2001; Butler,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Clothing, College Faculty, Self Concept, Gender Differences, Poetry, Art Products,...
Background of the problem: Recently most of our senior secondary classes are notorious for theft, bullying, ragging, rapes, and even for murder. This is because of ill treatment of our students in their classroom, mal administration of educational institutions, and etc. Diminishing social norms is also an important matter here. India is also witnessing the incidents of juvenile delinquency. Reports show that the problem of student aggression is increasing day by day. The study concerning the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students, Aggression, Interpersonal Competence,...
The purpose of this study is to determine individuals' usage purposes of social networks with a focus on the possible differences between females and males. Facebook, which is one the most popular and being most widely used social network, is investigated in this study. The study group consisted of 870 Facebook users who responded to an online survey designed by the researchers. Analyses of the results showed that usage purposes can be categorized under four categories, namely maintaining...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Networks, Gender Differences, Internet, Surveys, Classification, Interpersonal...
A criticism made against standardized tests is that they may be biased against females because males typically outscore females. On the ACT, males perform only slightly better than females. The population of students who take the ACT is self-selected--that is, the ACT has traditionally been taken primarily by those planning to attend college. For the past decade, 56 percent of ACT test takers have been female, a figure identical to the percentage of females attending college during the same...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Females, Standardized Tests, Gender Differences, Males, College Bound Students,...
Background: A linguistic mismatch between school and community creates problems in both access to school services and the quality of those services. Consideration of mother tongue is the key for making schools more inclusive for girls. Purpose: To argue that education in mother tongue results in making schools more inclusive for disadvantaged groups, especially girls and women. Findings: The use of mother tongue is linked to improvements in girls' participation in education. To make these links...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Language of Instruction, Females, Disadvantaged, Gender...
This 2016 fact sheet profiles the status of Latino males in higher education, providing information on population, college enrollment, and educational attainment. While college enrollment among Latino males continues to increase, they still lag behind Latino females in college enrollment--a disparity that increases as the level of higher education increases. Since Latino males represent more than half of traditional college-aged Americans, their college success will be vital to America's future.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Hispanic American Students, Males, Higher Education, College Students, Enrollment,...
NIH Publication No. 04-4972 (SP); Sponsored by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Topics: CONSUMER INFORMATION, DEPRESSION, GENDER DIFFERENCES, HELPLINES, HISPANICS, INFORMATION RESOURCES,...
The differences between male and female students in the field of education can be studied from several points of view. The aim of the present study is to approach the issues of mobility closely connected to the educational institution, institutional existence and school, using the filter of value sociology, thus bringing us closer to the different school attitudes and behaviours of the two genders, focusing on higher education. In our analysis, we used the "Campus-lét" Research...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Values, Gender Differences, College Students, Classification, Surveys, Factor...
In this study it is aimed to determine the level of pre-service teachers' computer phobia. Whether or not computer phobia meaningfully varies statistically according to gender and computer experience has been tested in the study. The study was performed on 430 pre-service teachers at the Education Faculty in Rize/Turkey. Data in the study were collected through the Computer Phobia Scale consisting of the "Personal Knowledge Questionnaire", "Computer Anxiety Rating Scale",...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Preservice Teachers, Computer Attitudes, Anxiety, Gender Differences, Experience,...
Language learning strategies are specific actions or techniques that learners use to assist their progress in developing second or foreign language skills (Oxford, 1990). Knowledge of students' strategy use is important, as this will provide information to teachers concerning the strategy training needs of their students. This paper presents the findings of a study to explore the language learning strategies of 60 pre-service teachers (17 males, 43 females) enrolled in a Bachelor of Education...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Preservice Teachers, Learning Strategies, Second Language...
Emotional intelligence is an ability to control our emotions in abnormal situations. Now it is widely accepted that emotional intelligence also a key determent for success and also in development in personality. Personality is a sum total of emotions. By taking a sample of 200 secondary school teachers an attempt has made to find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and different factors of personality of secondary school teachers. Results indicated that there was no significant...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Personality Traits, Correlation, Emotional Intelligence, Secondary School Teachers,...
In a longitudinal study of children in grades 0-4, gender differences are developing very early in some number domains, but there do not appear to be similar differences showing in the measurement and geometry domains studied. The Early Numeracy Research Project collected data at the beginning and end of each year from over 11,000 children in Grades 0-2 from 1999-2001. Of these, 1237 children (672 boys, 565 girls) formed a longitudinal cohort who started Grade 0. A subset of 572 (295 boys, 277...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Mathematics Education, Gender Differences, Longitudinal Studies,...
The aim of this research is to systematically categorize terms describing the means used by talented individuals to develop and maintain their skills in relation to nine talents. One hundred and fourteen participants provided terms describing the acquisition and maintenance of talent in reference to nine talents, during a structured interview. The terms were ordered into seven categories of approaches to learning. The seven categories comprise: effort, understanding, interest, natural ability,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Talent, Ability, Interviews, Gender Differences, Learning Strategies, Cognitive...
In this paper, the author explores the different views on gender and the nature of gender as discourse. Furthermore, the author argues that discursive psychology's views on gender are convincing and explain more than other perspectives of gender.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Gender Issues, Gender Differences, Psychology, Discourse Analysis, Sexual Identity,...
This report synthesizes a number of national studies that show the intentional abuse of prescription drugs to get high is a growing concern, particularly among teens. The analysis shows that teens are turning away from street drugs and using prescription drugs to get high. New users of prescription drugs have caught up with new users of marijuana. Next to marijuana, the most common illegal drugs teens are using to get high are prescription medications. Teens are abusing prescription drugs...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mythology, Marijuana, Gender Differences, Substance Abuse, Attention Deficit...
This study examines whether the Student Athlete Testing Using Random Notification ("SATURN") program affects illicit drug and alcohol use among student athletes. The study experienced high rates of sample attrition. Seven of the 18 study schools (39%) left the study and were not included in the analysis. Some students at the remaining schools were excluded for not completing consent forms; the study authors do not report how many. Of the students who provided consent, 29% of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Athletes, Drinking, Drug Use Testing, Drug Use, High School Students, Student...
This report summarizes fall enrollment in Iowa's community colleges. Every year Iowa's 15 community college districts submit data on students enrolled on the 10th day of the fall semester. Highlights include: (1) Enrollment grew at its fastest pace since 1975 to a record high of 100,736 students; (2) Year-to-year growth was 14.3 percent, which is over twice the average rate of growth since 1965; (3) Full-time students outnumber part-time students for the first time since 2006; (4) Credit hours...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Age, Community Colleges, High School Students, Gender Differences, Vocational...
The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of career and technical education (CTE) administrators toward secondary teachers' attire as indicated by 10 occupational attributes. The population consisted of CTE administrators employed by West Virginia Department of Education during 2006-2007 academic school year. The top three attributes perceived by CTE respondents as influencing women's and men's traditional clothing were: professionalism, responsibility, efficiency. In the leisure...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Vocational Education, Secondary School Teachers, Administrator Attitudes, Clothing,...
Nutrition is the intake of food to meet the body's dietary needs through different sources namely vegetarian and non-vegetarian foods. Good nutrition and well balanced diet with regular physical activities is acceptable. Poor nutrition leads to reduction in immunity of an individual, on the other hand increased levels of nutrition leads susceptible to a wide varieties of disease, damage the physical, mental development and reduced productivity. The purpose of this study is to find the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Children, Public Schools, Nutrition, Child Health, Hygiene,...
The population in the United States is becoming more educated, but significant differences in educational attainment remain with regard to age, sex, race, and origin. Nevertheless, the educational attainment of young adults (25 to 29 years), which provides a glimpse of our country's future, indicates dramatic improvement by groups who have historically been less educated. This report provides information on basic educational trends and attainment levels across many segments of the population....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Trends, Surveys, Racial Differences, Educational Attainment, Age, Gender...
This report responds to the California Postsecondary Education Commission's interest in pursuing further study of the gender gap for males in California postsecondary education. It provides some additional data on the gap in K-12 graduation rates and university eligibility and discusses the implications for future workforce needs. Recommended areas in which to focus further study and possible partners to support such a study are identified. (Contains 3 displays.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Secondary Education, Postsecondary Education, Graduation Rate, Gender...
