Feedback mechanism was now a growing concern of higher education institutions. It emphasizes the involvement of the stakeholders in evaluating the quality and relevance of a program or curriculum for continual improvement. This paper aimed to determine the school heads feedback on the performance of the teacher education graduates of Cebu Technological University particularly Argao, Barili, and Moalboal campuses. This study made use of the descriptive survey method which involved 109 teacher...
Topics: CTU-Argao, Campus, Ethics, Knowledge, Instructional Effectiveness & Professional Responsibility
To her surprise, Ms. Logan had just conducted a statistical analysis of her 10th grade biology students' quiz scores. The results indicated that she needed to reinforce mitosis before the students took the high-school proficiency test in three weeks, as required by the state. "Oh! That's easy!" She exclaimed. Teachers like Ms. Logan are everywhere. You may be a lot like her yourself--you have lots of data on your students: quiz scores, homework grades, attendance records, and so...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Grade 10, Statistical Analysis, Instructional Effectiveness, Kadel, Robert
The amount of paperwork in teaching often seems overwhelming. This being the case, organization is essential for effective teaching. Several ideas for dealing with paper flow are useful. Box file folders or durable plastic file cases, plus an ample supply of file folders, are excellent for storing papers. Papers used in a particular class can be categorized into helpful categories: attendance; grades; handouts; plans for the next class meeting; materials that must be returned to students; class...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Class Organization, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Secondary Education
Once upon a time, storytelling was the medium through which people learned their history and came to make sense of their world. But after the invention of the written word, oral storytelling was foolishly cast aside and the respect for storytelling as a tool of learning was almost forgotten. This position statement by the Committee on Storytelling of the National Council of Teachers of English argues that storytelling can still be useful in the classroom. The statement first elaborates on what...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Position Papers, Story...
Zero tolerance discipline relies upon a certain set of assumptions about schools, violence, and the outcomes of discipline. In the period of heightened fear about school-based violence during the 1990s, it was not always easy to dispassionately examine the evidence for different strategies of violence prevention. It seemed imperative to put an end to school shootings immediately, and those strategies promising the shortest route to that goal were often the most appealing. In the last few years,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Prevention, Zero Tolerance Policy, Violence, Knowledge Level, Instructional...
For 60 years, confusion and misinformation have reigned supreme whenever the subject of teaching phonics comes up for discussion. The paper considers various phonics programs, both old and new, and appraises their effectiveness. It also discusses works on phonetics by some well-known researchers and experts in reading, among them Frank Smith, Marilyn Jager Adams, Samuel T. Orton, and Jean Osborne, as well as opinions on education by Ross Perot, William Bennett, and Barbara Bush. Many people...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Instructional Effectiveness, Literacy, Phonics, Spelling, Whole Language Approach,...
One-to-one tutoring programs, such as peer and cross-age tutoring, can result in emotional and learning benefits for the tutor and the tutee. Peer tutoring involves two students of the same age. In cross-age tutoring, the tutor is older than the tutee. The Willamette High School Peer Tutoring Program in Eugene, Oregon; the Coca-Cola Valued Youth Program in San Antonio, Texas; and the Companion Reading Program (Salt Lake City, Utah) are examples of peer and cross-age tutoring programs....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cross Age Teaching, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Peer...
One educator who teaches many writing courses in the writing emphasis at the University of San Francisco has used the film "Pulp Fiction" in four different writing classes, the honors section of a Freshman Seminar, and assorted film courses. This paper suggests how and why teaching this film in classes devoted to writing might make a suitable and productive alternative to using a standard literary text. The paper shows how using "Pulp Fiction" can augment and expand the use...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Films, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Rhetorical Theory, Writing...
A study determined if significant differences existed between the mean scores of students receiving formal spelling instruction when compared with scores of students who did not receive any instruction in spelling. Subjects, 50 first-grade students, were given either formal spelling instruction throughout the week for 6 weeks or received no formal instruction. Both groups of students used the same phonics books and reading series. At the end of each week, all students were tested on 10 spelling...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Grade 1, Instructional Effectiveness, Primary Education,...
Diverse issues in the spelling curriculum must be resolved. One issue in spelling involves whether students learn to spell words better from a list or within the framework of a practical learning activity. Linguists advocate that words follow a pattern in spelling, yet research studies have been used to select lists of spelling words that may have no patterns in terms of linguistic elements. The selection of spelling words from word lists versus pupil-teacher planning in spelling word selection...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Spelling, Spelling Instruction,...
In recent years there has been an increased emphasis on the design of classrooms so that instructional technologies will enhance the learning environment. Good design does not happen accidentally, and when classroom designs are in the planning stages, the first priority should be the needs of the students. This paper will discuss classroom design issues that can effectively and efficiently accommodate technology for promoting learning.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Technology, Classroom Design, Student Needs, Instructional Effectiveness,...
The booklet contains descriptions of educational programs in the area of special education/learning disabilities which have been validated as successful by the Joint Dissemination Review Panel of the U.S. Department of Education. Programs are listed alphabetically and also provided are an index of programs by category and an index of programs by grade levels (for which validation exists). Provided for most programs are the title, the intended audience, a descriptive abstract, training...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demonstration Programs, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Effectiveness,...
Following a summary and critique of the research on the use of computers in education to develop higher-order thinking skills, this paper advances eight hypotheses regarding the failure of research to confirm expected positive effects, and makes two major claims. The hypotheses are as follows: (1) a cognitive chain of consequences of programming instruction exists, and students are not progressing to the end of the chain; (2) applications represent a more likely area than programming for the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Instructional Effectiveness, Programing,...
Reading is the basis for learning and school success. While reading is learned primarily in the classroom, many students need extra time and help. Research shows that tutoring is a great way for individuals and groups outside school to support learning, but effective tutoring requires appropriate training and careful planning. This brochure, written in both English and Spanish, presents some basic tips for reading tutors. The brochure begins by citing ways in which tutoring helps the learner...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Reading Difficulties,...
A study used qualitative meta-analysis to examine a set of empirical studies concerned with listening instruction. Twenty-four studies (subjects were all ages) published in communication-related journals between 1950 and 1989 were analyzed. Analysis of the papers showed conflicting results, producing no clear findings as to whether listening can or cannot be taught. Results showed that the numerous techniques for teaching listening analyzed in the studies could be placed in three categories:...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness,...
It has been found to be an effective educational tool! Using film for instructional purposes is a common practice in many classrooms. However, many teachers are unaware of the benefits of using film for instructional purposes, as well as effective methods for effectively integrating film into social studies instruction. The purpose of this resource guide is to provide, both pre-service and in-service teachers, with a rationale of teaching with film and information on effectively integrating...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Studies, Teaching Methods, Films, Instructional Effectiveness, Guidelines,...
The first section of this book presents an overview and history of the problem of skill generalization among students with severe handicaps. Researchers review empirically based strategies proposed to remedy the problem, discuss the characteristics and foundations of decision rules which can be used to determine which strategy will work best in a given situation, describe a study which evaluated whether decision rules would increase the effectiveness of generalization strategies, and describe a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Generalization, Instructional Effectiveness, Severe Disabilities, Skill Development,...
"Reciprocal teaching" is an instructional method designed to help teach reading comprehension skills to students with adequate decoding proficiency. During initial instructional sessions, the teacher introduces four comprehension strategies: summarizing, questioning, clarifying, and predicting. Then, the teacher and student read several passages that include narrative or informational text. The teacher thinks aloud while reading to model the four strategies, and the teacher also leads...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Reciprocal Teaching, Learning Disabilities, Reading Comprehension, Reading...
The memorization of Bible verses is an important goal of many Christian schools. Teachers in Christian schools use many different techniques to help their students memorize Bible verses. One popular traditional method is to have the students repeat the verse many times until they can repeat it from memory. In this project the researcher compared this traditional method to the method of putting Bible verses to song and having the students learn the song and practice the verses by singing the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Action Research, Comparative Analysis, Instructional Effectiveness, Kindergarten,...
The unique educational characteristics of television are discussed in this paper, which provides examples of three teaching functions to illustrate television's ability to bring students materials that would not be available through other media: (1) to demonstrate experiments or experimental situations; (2) to provide students with case study material; and (3) to demonstrate processes. Such materials are shown to influence the learning process by providing concrete examples or models of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Distance Education, Educational Television, Foreign Countries, Higher Education,...
A study investigated whether there would be any significant difference in the academic achievement of primary grade students when learning science through the use of textbook instruction or literature-based instruction. Two third-grade classes in Paterson, New Jersey, were involved. The experimental group, (a class of 24 students), was instructed by a researcher, a library media teacher, using a literature-based (trade book) approach on a science unit about animals. The control group (of 23...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Content Area Reading, Conventional Instruction, Grade 3, Instructional Effectiveness,...
A study investigated the attitudes toward reading of third-grade students involved in a whole language program. The sample consisted of 71 students--48 students participated in the study group, and a control group consisted of 23 students. The independent variables were participation status, gender, socioeconomic status, race, qualification for Chapter 1 services, and participation in English Training services. The dependent variables were scores from the scales of the Elementary Reading...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Grade 3, Instructional Effectiveness, Primary Education, Reading Attitudes, Reading...
This paper examines the potential of sociohistorical theory for the study of academic debate. The essay describes sociohistorical theory (noting that it is most often attributed to the work of Lev Vygotsky and that contemporary scholars influenced by it include Jerome Bruner and James Wertsch), the relationship between reason and emotion from a traditional and sociohistoric view, and how sociohistorical theory provides fertile ground for theorizing about debate and critical thinking. Contains...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Critical Thinking, Debate, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Persuasive...
Twenty-one hypothesized components of effective teaching were examined and three to four basic attributes for each were stated as instructional strategies for teaching mildly handicapped students. Approximately 40 regular and special educators reviewed the strategies and their validations were used to develop the Assessment Inventory of Instructional Strategies (AIIS). The teacher then completes the form, rating the effect of each strategy on the student's learning. Listing the positive...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Strategies, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Effectiveness,...
This article explores excellence in web-based teaching. Drawing on the views of experts in the field and the perspective of their own years of experience, the authors compiled a list of 9 principles to provide direction in the search for online excellence. The principles include: the online world is a medium unto itself; sense of community and social presence are essential to online excellence; in the online world, content is a verb; great online courses are defined by teaching, not...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Online Courses, Web Based Instruction, Instructional Effectiveness, Educational...
A study explored the effect of different kinds of music on children's writing content. Nineteen students from a second grade class in Charlottesville, Virginia, participated in 10 15-minute writing sessions, accompanied in each session by one type of background music (classical, jazz, popular, or country) or by silence. All writing was analyzed for tone, consistency, and number of words. Results showed that: (1) students wrote more words under the classical music condition; (2) there were fewer...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Childrens Writing, Grade 2, Instructional Effectiveness, Music, Primary Education,...
An instructor of an advanced composition course (adapted from one taught by James Seitz at the University of Pittsburgh) at the University of California Riverside took her students through a series of reading and writing assignments that asked them to "engage in a wide variety of prose styles and...consider what style suggests about language, subjectivity, and artistic expression." The students worked with several fiction and nonfiction texts, first analyzing their stylistics and then...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Portfolios (Background Materials),...
The research summary is based on studies reported in "Computer Assisted Instruction in Higher Order Skills for Mildly Handicapped Students: Programmatic Research on Design Principles" by Douglas W. Carnine. Overall, results indicated that well-designed computer-assisted instruction (CAI) can be an effective instructional medium for students with mild handicaps. Four types of CAI--drill and practice, simulations, tutorials, and videodisc--were investigated within the context of four...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Computer Assisted Instruction, Drills (Practice), Instructional Design, Instructional...
The "University of Chicago School Mathematics Project ("UCSMP") 6-12 Curriculum" is a series of yearlong courses--(1) Transition Mathematics; (2) Algebra; (3) Geometry; (4) Advanced Algebra; (5) Functions, Statistics, and Trigonometry; and (6) Precalculus and Discrete Mathematics--emphasizing problem solving, real-world applications, and the use of technology. The program is designed to allow schools to offer the appropriate math to students regardless of grade level....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Secondary School Mathematics, Educational Research, Instructional Effectiveness, High...
The prevalence of rape points to a need for effective prevention strategies. Ultimately, however, preventing rape necessitates changing men's attitudes and behavior. This study investigated the effects of a lecture aimed at changing the attitudes of men. Also investigated were the effects of lecturer sex (male, female, or male-female team or no one--the no-lecture control condition) and lecture focus (blaming men or society for rape) on men's and women's attitudes toward rape. Participants were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Students, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Prevention, Rape,...
One of the most robust and reliable learning phenomena documented in the animal learning literature is the enhancement of discriminative performance by differential outcomes. To date, very few studies have focused on this effect in humans. The results obtained in these studies support the potential use of the differential outcomes procedure in human beings as a technique for facilitating memory and learning of conditional discriminations. The main aim of this paper is to describe the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Discrimination Learning, Teaching Methods, Conditioning, Reinforcement, Instructional...
Three studies examined the effectiveness of teaching an unfamiliar prose form using prose modeling (duplicating defining characteristics of a model text using different content). First, English department instructors at four universities were surveyed and of the 70 who responded, 76% stated that they did use modeling in their classrooms. In the second study, 143 freshmen and 21 English department faculty members at Loyola University in Chicago were given one of five study packets which included...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Freshman Composition, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Instructional...
This bibliography lists 360 monographs, journal articles, research reports, and conference proceedings on interactive videodisc and educational applications of this technology. Materials through December 1988 are included. A sidebar provides background on interactive video technology. (MES)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Computer Assisted Instruction, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education,...
This document defines learning as a process of knowledge and skills acquisition, application, reinforcement, and refinement that cannot be rushed. Each student brings to assigned tasks a personal perspective compiled of native abilities, acquired skills, personal interests, prior experiences, the home environment, exposure to diverse learning encounters, culture, attitudes, beliefs, values, and a track record of success related to the formal education process. Although learning is not a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Learning Strategies,...
"Odyssey Math," published by CompassLearning[R], is a web-based K-8 mathematics curriculum and assessment tool designed to allow for instructional differentiation and data-driven decision making. The online program includes electronic curriculum and materials for individual or small group work, assessments aligned with state curriculum standards, and a data management system that allows teachers to develop individualized instructional and assessment tools, as well as track individual...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary School Mathematics, Computer Software, Instructional Effectiveness, Grade...
This study was conducted to determine which method for vocabulary instruction was most beneficial: learning words through the context of literature and reading or through isolated word lists. Subjects, 45 high school students taking Freshman English, were divided into 2 groups. All students were studying Charles Dickens' novel "Great Expectations." The first group consisted of 22 students and they used isolated word lists. The second group of 23 students learned their words while...
Topics: ERIC Archive, High Schools, Instructional Effectiveness, Novels, Reading Research, Vocabulary...
Noting that the role of phonics in reading and writing has become as much a political issue as it has an educational one, this pamphlet offers a position statement regarding the role of phonics in a total reading program. It begins with three assertions regarding phonics and the teaching of reading: (1) the teaching of phonics is an important aspect of beginning reading instruction; (2) classroom teachers in the primary grades do value and do teach phonics as part of their reading programs; and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Beginning Reading, Instructional Effectiveness, Phonics, Primary Education, Reading...
This paper explores what service-learning is and how it is intended to benefit both the community and the student participants. Service-learning is a combination of community service and experiential education. The primary goal is providing for a community need, even as the experiential education aspect advances student learning and academic goals. Scholars involved in service-learning emphasize that reflection is at the heart of the service-learning experience, transforming the experience so...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Students, Community Needs, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness,...
This digest looks at research findings and instructional applications of effective teacher presentation skills. Research has identified five critical skills: eliciting frequent responses, maintaining an appropriate pace during the lesson, maintaining attention, monitoring student responses and adjusting the lesson, and ensuring all students an equal chance to learn. Specific findings concerning each of these skills and suggestions for implementation are provided as are 25 references and/or...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disabilities, Educational Practices, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional...
Most of the literature on Response to Interventions (RtI) has focused on reading instruction and interventions, but there is a growing literature on RtI focused on math instruction. Recently, there have been several reports on what matters in mathematics instruction and effective math interventions (Slavin & Lake, 2007; Slavin, Lake, & Groff, 2008; What Works Clearinghouse). Yet, there is little that speaks to specific interventions in Tier II. Most authors state that the reason behind...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Response to Intervention, Mathematics Instruction, Intervention, Tutoring,...
Advantages and disadvantages of group discussion as a method of instruction are reviewed in this paper and criteria are suggested for determining when group discussion is or is not an appropriate instructional method. The guidelines provided take into consideration the characteristics of the students, the teacher, the group as a whole, and the subject matter, as well as time and financial resources. Three forms of group discussion are then described: (1) the general model, in which the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Group Discussion, Guidelines, Higher Education, Instructional Design, Instructional...
This is a polemic on the need to rehumanize collegiate debate. Viewed as a reform movement insofar as its primary concern is to revitalize public debate, the National Education Debate Association (NEDA) ought to be mindful of the ethical implications of its aims in the same way that a repairman fixes what is broken: by concentrating, not on the thing in a state of disrepair, but on its ideal state. Debate ought to be a humane and therefore humanizing game. For Aristotle, rhetoric was a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Debate, Ethics, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Public Speaking,...
A study investigated whether students using a literature based reading program achieved greater spelling ability through formal spelling instruction or informal spelling instruction. Subjects were 20 first-grade students. Instruction was divided into two 4-week sections. During the first four weeks, students were exposed to vocabulary words through literature, but they did not receive formal spelling instruction on the words. The second 4-week section also involved exposure to vocabulary words...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Grade 1, Instructional Effectiveness, Primary Education,...
Reading First is one of the most important components of President George W. Bush's "No Child Left Behind Act"--the bipartisan law to improve American education. It sets aside $900 million this year to ensure that schools use only scientifically based instruction and teaching methods. This informational brochure explains how Reading First will help children learn to read, citing what a Reading First grant will do in each state, pointing out that Reading First federal grants will only...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Education, Grants, Instructional Effectiveness, Program Descriptions,...
It is no exaggeration to say that how well students develop the ability to comprehend what they read has a profound effect on their entire lives. A major goal of reading comprehension instruction, therefore, is to help students develop the knowledge, skills, and experiences they must have if they are to become competent and enthusiastic readers. Over the past few decades research has revealed much about how readers get meaning from what they read and about the kinds of instructional activities...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Classroom Techniques, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Effectiveness,...
The University of North Carolina at Wilmington (UNCW) offers many of its courses through distance-education. Because UNCW offers courses through a distance-education format, these courses are eligible for accreditation review by the Southern Association for Colleges and School (SACS). UNCW underwent its most recent SACS review during the 2001-2002 academic year. The review of the distance-education courses for this review compared a distance-education course against the same course taught in a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Distance Education, Higher Education, Instructional...
Selection bias pervades the evaluation of supplemental instruction (SI) in non-experimental settings. This brief note provides a formal framework to understand this issue. The objective is to contribute to the accumulation of credible evidence on the impact of SI.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Supplementary Education, Evaluation Problems, Program Evaluation, Selection Criteria,...
The art of lecturing is examined in detail and suggestions are offered on how to lecture in an effective manner. The first of two main sections deals with the preparation of lectures, offering guidance on such matters as determining the objectives, choosing the content, planning the structure, deciding on the method of delivery, and preparing supportive materials. The second section discusses lecturing technique per se and provides advice on orienting students at the start of a lecture,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conventional Instruction, Foreign Countries, Guidelines, Higher Education,...
The paper is a product of the 3-year project, "Functional Mainstreaming for Success," designed to develop a model for instructional mainstreaming of handicapped children (3-6 years old) in community settings. The literature review focuses on research concerning preschool and early school-age peer tutoring and buddy programs. The review is organized into the following topics: what a peer tutor or buddy is, reasons to use peer tutors and buddies, how to use peer tutors and buddies, the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disabilities, Early Childhood Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Interpersonal...
A study investigated the impact of direct instruction on reading comprehension strategies and the degree to which cooperative learning processes enhance students' learning of strategies. Subjects, 486 third- and fourth-grade students in four elementary schools from an ethnically diverse school district in a medium-sized city in central Pennsylvania, were assigned to instructional treatments on strategies for identifying the main idea of passages. Treatments involved cooperative learning with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cooperative Learning, Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Reading...
